Toll system for highways



Sept. 17, 1963 G. L. GRANT 3,104,367

TOLL SYSTEM FOR HIGHWAYS Filed Feb. 21, 1958 5 Sheets-Sheet l jik f: 1%

= Inw rd/07' Z Gardizerl'. Gram flQys' Sept. 17, 1963 G. 1.. GRANT mom. SYSTEM FOR HIGHWAYS Filed Feb. 21, 1 958 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 G. L. GRANT TOLL SYSTEM FOR HIGHWAYS Sept. 17, 1963 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 21, 1958 U .Zrzrezzfor fizzi'dlzer L rarzf Sept. 17, 1963 G. L. GRANT TOLL SYSTEM FOR HIGHWAYS 5 SheetsSheet 5 Filed Feb. 21, 1958 MWQQU WQQNN NRQQQQ Nkwn WQQNN GEE REE United States Patent This invention relates to a toll collection system and has for its principal objects to provide a system which will not require attendants, which is especially adapted for collecting toll fares for a single class of vehicles, all of which are required to pay the same toll, the amount of which may desirably be different for different times of I the day or days of the week for the purpose of controlling the flow or the character of the flow of traffic, to provide a system which will receive the toll whether it is made up of a single coin representing the entire amount of the toll or a plurality of mixed coins, to provide a system which will signify .to the operator of each vehicle, after the deposit has been made, the amount of his de posit and that he is to proceed", to provide a system which will not be adversely affected by vehicles following one another in abnormally close succession, to provide a system which will actuate an alarm whena vehicle passes through without paying the required toll or too little toll,

to provide a system which will clear the coin registering means of bent coins, slugs, foreign matter, and the like, only after the registering means has failed for example the second time in succession to give a fare-paid signal, to provide a system which will count the total number of axles passing and the number of the violation vehicles and/ or axles passing, to provide a system which will count the number of fares paid, their make-up and their classification, and to provide a system in which some or all of the foregoing information may be transferred to an administration or control building.

As herein illustrated, there are means in the form of coin collecting and registering apparatus at the toll station for receiving the toll paid in the form of a single coin or mixed coins of different denominations, for identifying ach coin in the deposit, adding the coins up and producing a fare, or toll paid signal only 'When the correct amount has been deposited and to visibly indicate the amount paid. Since it may be desirable to change theapparatus to change the indicator signal from stop tov go, thereby to signify to the driver that he may proceed. There are means operable by the vehicle as it departs from the station to change the indicator signal back .to stop, so that the next vehicle is confronted by a stop signal and will be required to make a deposit be fore it is permitted to proceed. This vehicle-operated means may be located at whatever place is most expedient to producing a smooth flow .of traffic. If there is a heavy flow of traffic in which the vehicles follow each other abnormally close a condition may arise in which a succeeding toll will have been deposited before the preceding vehicle reaches' the means for restoring the go signal to. stop. If this happens, when the preceding vehicle operates the aforesaid means the signal will change .cfrom go to stop and consequently the following vehicle will be confronted with a stop signal even though the required toll has been paid. Accordingly," there is means for storing up two fare-paid payments in succession and for preventing the go signal from changing from 3,164,36? Patented Sept. 17, 1963 2 go to stop until the second vehicle passes, if this circumstance arises. It may also occur that a vehicle, not making a payment, will be apprehended after passing beyond the aforesaid vehicle operated means. If such is the case and the fare is then paid, the departing vehicle will not actuate the vehicle operated means, hence a signal will continue to indicate go until some following vehicle, by failing vto pay and proceeding beyond the vehicle operated means, turns the signal from go back to stop. Accordingly, there is signal reversing means for automatically restoring the signal to stop after a predetermined interval. In order to act as a check on the deposited toll, the means operable by departure of the vehicle from the station is designed to count the axles of each vehicle and if they correspond in number to the permit-ted number of axles, to effect the change of the signal from go to stop, and to return the system to its initial condition. This means is operative in the event of non-payment, to produce an alarm, and in the event of failure of the apparatus to give a fare-paid signal twice in succession, such as may be caused by the presence of obstructions, such as bent coins, foreign matter, slugs or foreign coins, to open a scavenger door in the coin col- I lecting apparatus, so as to discharge the aforesaid obstructing material into a vault. There are also means operative to swing the scavenger door open if the electric power fails or the registering apparatus becomes jammed or inoperative tor any reason, to allow all coins deposited thereafter automatically to pass into the vault. 'I'he vehicle-operated means is a treadle, and depression of the treadle operates a counter each time it is depressed to count the total number of vehicles and axles that pass over it. There is a second counter also operable by depression of the treadle but only when no fare has been paid, so as to count only the number of axles passing for which no fare has been paid. In addition to the foregoing [there is counting means operable by the fare-paid signal to record the number of transactions, the denomination of coins paid and the classification of fares paid.

The invention will now be described in greater detail 7 with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a multi-lane highway showing a toll station of the kind which has individual booths at opposite sides of a lane for housing a coin collecting apparatus and an attendant;

FIG. 1a is an elevation of a gate which may optionally be employed to block a lane;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a toll station of the unattended kind; and

FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are diagrammatic views of the circuits for operating the system.

Referring to the drawings, there is shown in FIG. 1 a section of a highway 100, in which there is a toll station 102. The traffic is illustrated as moving in one direction, from left to right, through the station along lanes 104, separated by a center island 106, and bounded on their outsides by islands 108. It is, of course, obvious that the number of lanes may be multiplied by adding islands where the road is wider, and hence a greater number of lanes, and that where the tralfic flows in both directions some of the lanes may be used for traflic flowing in one direction and some for those flowing in the opposite direction. Preferably the entrance and departure ends of the island are flared to assist in guiding t-rafiic into the lanes. About midway between the ends of the center island 1% there is an overhead, horizontally disposed, permanently installed canopy 1110 supported by toll booths 112, erected on the islands. Between the toll booths there are fastened to the canopy, directly above each lane, red and green lights 114 and 116, each provided with a suitable hood to confine its beam to the path of the motorist approaching in that particular lane. These lights will be electrically controlled firom a supervisory control tower or an administration building to which all ot the stations along the highway are connected, so that they may be turned on or of]? depending upon'what lanes are to be while the green lights are intended to show thatthe lanes are open to traffic;

- In addition to the red and green lights, trafiic gates may be placed at the entrance to each lane. Such 'g-ates they cannot be opened except by a signal from. the ad'- ministration building plus a key used by the attendant at the station.

. The booths on the islands have tollfare indicating means 120 to designate the -fare required, toll collecting hoppers 122 into which the coin or coins making up the toll may be tossed, arrows 124 pointing to the hoppers,

This makes it possible for the motorist to make his deposit from either side of the vehicle. Each booth contains fare recording apparatus, means for conditioning'thc system I 4 the machine will send a pulse to the nickel counting chain and successively relays 7 and 8' will send pulses to the a quarter and half-dollar counting chains.

, 118 maybe mounted Ion the island and electrically controlled from the aforesaid administrationbuilding so that and indicators 126 to show how much fare has be'en'de- 7 posited. The toll booths on the center island have collecting hoppers and fare indicating means at both sides.;'

to receive to-ll fares of a given amount for a givenclassifi- V cation of vehicles and means operative upon payment or non-payment to give an appropriate signal.

The canopy and booths may be omitted, as shown in FIG. 2, and, instead, freestanding collecting apparatus 123 may be employed. The free-standing apparatus is paratus, the measuring or gauging means closes different circuits for different denominations of soi-ns, to wit, one QlICLllt for pennies, another [for nickels, another for quarters and another for half-dollars. The circuits of s the coin receiving and registering apparatus are employed herein in combination with relays, which will now be described, to'produce a fare-paid signal when a deposit made in the apparatus corresponds to that'which is re"- quired of the particular vehicle; Since the toll may be 1 made up of a single .coin or mixed coins the system ineludes means for adding the coins of a deposit andfif they correspond to the required "toll, initiating operation -of a succession of relays which result in signifying 'to the operator that "he may proceed, and then restoring the system t'ojits initial, condition inreadiness for the next vehicle. Referring tothewiring diagram (FIG. 3), there are shown four counting chains appropriately In the following description, in the interest of brevity, any expression such, for example, as 52 (22-21), is to be understood as meaning a relay actuated switch, the numeral outside the parentheses designating the actuating relay and the numerals inside the parentheses indicating the poles of the particular switch. The symbols used in the wiring diagram of. FTGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6, are shown at the top of the sheet containing FIG. 3, labeled for identification. r T

Referring now more specifically to the several counting chains. When the system is'not in use relay 15 (FIG. 3) is unenergized, however, there is an unbroken circuit (FIG. 3) from plus 60to minus .60 by waytof normally closed 52 (2 2-21), normally closed 14 (31-32), nortem, for example by throwing a master switch, relay 1S energizes through the aforesaid circuit and operates toclose normally open 15 (15-14) and to open normally closed 15 (31-112). Closing of normally open 1 5 (15-14) provides a path through normally closed 11 (33-34), R5 and normally closed 5-2 (22-21) to plus 60 and to hold relay 15 up. A single penny. pulse operates relay 1 (FIG. 4) to close normally open 1 (13-14) and thereby .to provide a path through normally closed 14 (22-21),

now closed 15 (22-2 3), normallyclosed 11 (13-14) to relay 11. The instant the relay 111 is energized normally closed 11 (13-14) is open, normally closed 11 (33- 34) is open and normally open 11 (15-14) is closed. Opening normally closed 11 (33-34) drops relay 15, holding it dc-energized, closingdS (31-32) and opening 15 (15-14), and locks up relay '11 through the nowclosed 11 (15-14), normally closed-12 (33-34), R5 and noridentified therein according to its diameter. Insaid aplabeledfor, countingrespectively, pennies, nickels and dimes, quarters and half-dollars, which when satisfied will; produce a fare-paid signal. operates to count five pennies and to add. this in the form of a single count to the nickel counting'chain. The nickel counting chainin like manner will count five nickels and transfer them as a single count to the quarterchain and The penny counting chain the quarter counting chain will count two quarters and transfer'them as a unit to thehalf-dollar chain. Dimes are counted on the nickel chain as two nickels. This is time one ofthese relays is operated a pulse will be sent through the counting chain of which it is a part. Thus relay 1 which is energized by a penny being gauged in themeter will send a pulse'to the penny counting chain. Relay'Z which will be energized by a nickel gauged in mally closed 52 (22-21) to plus 6 0. second penny pulse energizes relay 12, locks it up and drops relay 11, a third penny energizes relay 13, locks it up and drops relay 12, and a fourth penny energizes relay 14, locks it up and drops relay 13. Energization of relay 14 also closes normally open 14 (22-23). When the fifth penny pulse comes. in it passes through now closed 14 (22-23), normally closed 13 (31-32), and

, norm-ally closed 15 (31-32 to re-energize relay 15. At the same time relay 2 (FIG. 4) energizes throughnormally closed 13 (11-12), through 14 (23-29), which was closed by. energization of relay 14 and now'closed 1 (22-21). This consequently locks up relay 15 for another counting series and, drops relay 14- by-opening' of normally closed 15 (31-32).

In. like manner before themaster switchis closed,

'norrn ally closed 18 (3 1-32 and normally closed .Zfi

(13-14). Theinstant the current is-supplied relay 21 is. energized through the aforesaid contacts, and 'operates to close 2 (15-1 1) andfto open Zil (13-14). Cl0sing 2% (15-1 1). provides a path through now closed 16 (33-34), R7 and normally closed 52 (22-21) to plus "60 to libld relay 211 up. Energization of relay 2, either by'a fifth penny, by a five cent piece or by a dime, closes 21(11- 12), so that a path is provided from. normally now. closed 52 (22-21) through closed 2 (11-12), normally closed 19 (22-21), now closed 20 (22-23) and. normally closed '16 (13-14) to relay 16. The'i'nstant relay 16 is energized 16 (13-11) is opened, normally closed 16 (33-34) is opened and normally open 1 6 (15-14)is closed. Openingfnormally closed 16(33-34) 'drops relay 21?, holding it (lo-energized and locks up relay 16 through now closed 16 (15-14), normally closed In succession a 17 (33-34), R7 and normally closed 52 (22-21) to plus 60. In succession a second nickel energizes relay 17, locks it up and drops relay 16, a third nickel energizes relay 13, locks it up and drops relay 17, a fourth nickel energizes relay 19, looks it :up and drops relay 18. Energization of relay 1% also closes 12 (24-23) and normally open 19 (26-27). Accordingly, when the pulse from the fifth nickel comes in it passes through now closed 19 (24-23), normally closed 1 8 (21-32) and normally closed 26 (13-14) to re-energize relay 20 and at the same time to provide a path from plus 60 to minus 60 through normally closed 52 (22-21), normally closed 22 (21-22), now closed 19 (26-27), now closed 20 (24-25), normally closed 22 (25-24) to relay 21. When relay 21) becomes energized normally closed 20' (13-14) opens and normally open 21) (15-14) is closed to lock up relay 2t). Simultaneously normally closed 21) (33-34) opens to drop relay 19 so that the nickel chain is ready for the next count.

Energization of relay 21 by way of the fifth nickel or by a quarter closes relay 7 (FIG. 4), operates to close normally open 21 (24-26) and to open 21 (13-14). This provides a path through normally open 21 (241-26) and relay 22 to normally closed '52 (22-21) which operates to energize relay 22. Energization of relay 22 closes 22 (25-26) and opens 22 (25-24). Relay 21 is held up by closed 21 (24-26) through relay 22. On the second pulse of relay 7, however, relay 211 is de-energized due to placing both of its coils across minus 60 through now closed 7 (23-24) and now closed 22 (22-23) by Way of now closed 21 (24-26). Relay 22 continues to hold up until the pulse stops and then drops by the opening of closed 7 (23-24).

The quarter counts are transferred to the half-dollar chain as follows. The first quarter opens the normally closed 21 (13-14) so that no current flows to relay 23, the second quarter closes 21 13-14) and closes normally open 22 (28-29), so as to provide a current path through relay 23. Relay 23 whenenergized closes normally open 23 (14-13), locking it up before it is dropped by the dropping of relay 22. If a second quarter piece is deposited, relay 8 is energized which in turn closes normally open 8 (31-32), thereby energizing relay 23 and looking it up through normally open 23 (14-13).

Having provided means for counting the deposited toll and converting it into a fare-paid signal, it is desirable to indicate to the driver of the vehicle that the fare has been paid and to signify that he is to proceed. Accordingly, there is located beyond the station (FIGS. 1 and 2), in the direction of travel, an indicator 130, preferably in the form of stop and go lights, which normally displays a stop light, but which will be changed from stop to go by a fare-paid signal. As the vehicle leaves the station it is desirable to change the go signal back to stop so that the next vehicle will stop and make its deposit before it proceeds. Conveniently, this is effected by placing a treadle 132 (FIGS. 1 and 2) in the road, which is operated by the vehicle as it passes over it to bring about the change from go to stop. The treadle is preferably so located that when the vehicle passes over it the operator is out of the line of sight of the signals so that he will not be confused by the change. To this end the treadle is usually placed beyond the signal, although it may be placed between the registering apparatus and the signal, as shown in dotted lines.

When there is a heavy flow of traffic two vehicles may be so close to each other that before the first vehicle passes over the treadle so as to turn the light back to stop the second vehicle will have arrived at the station and deposited the correct toll. Before the second vehicle reaches the treadle however the preceding vehicle will have passed over it and turned the signal to stop, except for the employment of the device now to be described. The following vehicle will have a stop signal against it even though the toll has been paid and if it passed over the treadle a violation alarm will be produced. Accordingly, memory means, comprising a counting chain is provided which will store up two successive fare-paid signals so that if the foregoing circumstances occur, both Vehicles will be permitted to pass before the signal changes from go back to stop. This is effected by relays 611, 61 and 62 (FIG. 5), as follows, through the energization of relay 52.

The relay 52 is energized by the payment of a single fare and may be preconditioned to respond to a fare of a given amount by a fare strapping arrangement, wherein there are a plurality of jacks which may be inserted into sockets to connect one of the several circuits to the positive 60 and the other to the negative 60. In each strapping circuit there is a contact which is closed in response to the energization of one of the relays 2, 7, 8, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21 and 22. The jacks and sockets of the several strapping circuits are concealed in a locked receptacle so that after the circuit is strapped for a given fare it can-not be tampered with by an attendant. As herein shown, the strapping is set up for a fifty cent fare in which relay 8 is actuated to close 8 (34-32), so that one of the straps is connected by line L6 and M8 to the negative 60 and the other by L3 and M4 through the relay 52 to the positive 60. Thus when relay 8 is energized 8 (34-32) is closed to energize relay 52. Energizing 52 opens 52 (22-21) (FIG. 3) to reset the counting chains to the zero position and at the same time closes 52 (15-16) to hold up relay52 through one of the contacts 1 (11-12) (FIG. 5), 2 13-14), 7 (11-12) and 8 (11-12), depending upon which one of these contacts is closed. In the example given, since relay 8 was energized, 8 (11-12) will be closed and relay 52 will be held up through this contact. Referring to the strapping, by their contacts, energization of relay 2 by deposit of a five cent piece closes 2 (34-32) and if this has been connected by suitable jacks relay 52 will be energized. Energization of relay 7 by a twenty-five cent piece will close '7 (14-13). Energization of relay 8 will close 8 (34-32) for a fifty cent piece. Energization of relay 16 by a deposit of five pennies will close 16 (11-12). Energization of relay 16 by a five cent piece will close 16 (29-28). Energization of relay 17 will close '17 (11-12) or 17 (29-28), depending upon whether two nickels have been deposited or one dime. Energization of relay 18 will close 18 (11-12) or 18 (27-26), depending upon whether three nickels have been deposited or a nickel and a dime. Energization of relay 19 upon a deposit of four nickels will close 19 (12-11). Energization of relay 21 will close 21 (11-12) or 21 (29-28), depending upon whether five nickels have been deposited or a quarter. Energization of relay 22 by deposit of two quarters will close 22 (27-26). Thus, it is apparent that by choosing the suitable strapping, the relay 52 may be caused to respond to the payment of a particular fare.

Energization of relay 52 (FIG. 6) closes open 52 (13-14) and 52 (31-32) of the fare-paid counting chain (FIG. 5). Closing of 52 (13-14) provides a current path through normally closed so (32-3 1) and normally closed 62 (21-22) to relay 61, from the 60 plus. Relay 52, which has a very slow operating coil, then drops, however, relay 61 locks up through normally open 61 (14-15) which is closed by the energization of relay 61, normally closed 62 (24-23) through the operating coil of a double coil relay 641-60 and normally closed 61) (21-22) to the positive. Relay 60-60 opens normally closed 64) 21-22) but prior thereto closes normally open 61) (23-22) so that it becomes: locked up through normally closed 43 (11-12), normally closed 73 (21-22) and now closed 61} (23-22). On the second fare-paid signal relay 62 is energized through normally open 52 (13-14) which is temporarily closed by relay 52 and normally open 63 (32-33), which is closed by energization of relay 69-61). Energization of relay 62 closes normally open 62 (14-15) and since normally open arcane? F .61) (23-22)-has been closed by energization of relay 60-611, relay 62 is held up. Relay 62, however, is held only momentarily by 60 (23-22), since the operation of relay 62 opens normally closed 62 (24-23), so that relay 6tt-6t1ie dropped. Dropping of the holding coil of relay 60-60 results in the closing of 611 (21-22) and opening of 661 (23-22). (23-22) opens, relay 62 continues to be held up through closed 62 (14-15), normally closed 73 (22-21), normally closed 43 (12-11) andnow closed 63 (21-22). When relay 60-61} drops, relay 61 transfens its holding circuit through now closed62 (24-25) and a resistor to the positive battery. There are now two fare-paid signals stored in the circuit. The contact 43 (11-12) which is normally closed is" opened each time the second axle of a car is counted on a counting chain, which will be described hereinafter. 'When the second axle of the first car open-s 43*(11-12), relay 62 drops due to thepositive battery being shunted out of the holding line for relay 62 by way of normally closed 61) (22-21), normally closed 43 (11-12), normally closed 73' (21-22) and closed 62 (-14), so that the relay 62 is connected at both sides 'to the negative side of the circuit. Simultaneously relay 69-61} is r e-energized through normally 'closed 611 (22-21); however, 62 (-24) has closed so that 6.1 is held up. When the second axle of the second vehicle opens 43 (11-12), relay 63-60 is dropped and thereby opens 60 (22-21,) and drops relay 61.

The placing of the toll paid counts on relay-s 611-66,

61 and 6-2 operates through relays 71,72 and 73 (FIG;

Since 60 (21-22) closes before 611 I 7 the positive.

that the treadle operate through the axle counting chain -to turn the signal from go tostop tocondition' the systions so that they may be checked against the toll paid.

The axle counting chain (FIG. 4) contains relay43, which operates contact 43 11-12) (FIG. 5) to restore the tare-paid counting chain to its initial position, is part of a circuit containing relays 41, 42 and 43. Referring to this circuit'QFiG. 4), when the relays 63 and 61 of the tare-paid counting chain are energized, due to the paymentof a correct fare, they close respectively, normally open cont-acts6i) (35-36) (FIG. 4) and 61 (34-35). This establishes :a circuit througth now closed 611 (35-36) and 61 (34-35), normally closed 43 (31-32), normally closed 42 (31-32), normally closed 41 (13-14) to relay 41. Energization of relay 41 opens 41 (13-14), but not before closing 41 (14-15) so that relay 41 becomes locked up through now closed 41 (14-14), normally closed 42 (33-34), R1 4, 61 (35-34) and 69 (36-35) to If there are two fares paid on the farepaid counting chain, relay 62 (34-35) would be closed and the circuit would be established through now closed 62 (34-35), normally closed 43 (31-32), normally closed 42 (31-32), normally closed 41 (13-14) to relay 41 to energize the same, whereupon it would look up, as previously explained, through now closed 41 (14 -15), nor- 4) 'to change the indicator signal light from stop to 7 go and the latter will remain at go until the aforesaid treadle 1 32 is operated by' a vehicle departing from the 7 station.

Referring to relays 71, 72 and 73 (FIG. 4), when relay 61. is energized, as previously explained, by payment of oneiarerelay 62 (12-13) of thefare cancellation chain containing relays '71, 72 and 73 is closed, which supplies current from the positive 61 through B3 to the' signal 131! to change the latter from red to green, thereby to indicate to the driver that he may proceed. if no second fareis paid before the vehicle passes'over the treadle 132, relay 62 will be dropped by operation of the treadle paying a fare but is apprehended and the driver then gets out of the vehicle and pays-the fare theksignal will of course, change from red to -green. However, since he is beyond the treadle 132 he does not cross it when he leaves and hence he does not'tur-n the signal from green back to red. Consequently, the next vehicle paying a fare will merely add a second fare to the fare-paid chain so 'as to energize relay 72. Hence when he crosses the tread-1e he 7 .merely cancels out the second fare but the light stays green and will continue to stay green until some'followi-ng vehicle crosses the treadle without paying. purpose of relay 71 to return the signal from green to red to avoid this condition after .a predeterminedle'ngth of time. 1 Relay 71 is therefore set to close (after a delay of v a predetermined time, selected according to the conditions existing where the system is installed. When relay 71 His the V 1 so that the axle counting chain is now rea-dyfor another is energized, 71 (12-13) is closed, thereby energizing passing over the treadle will turn the signal'from green to red. "It may happen that a vehicle, not allowed, may attempt to pass through the station orthat through wrong classification'a vehicle may have more axles than is permitted for .a given toll. Hence it is desirable not only relay '73. This in turn opens 73 (21-22) (FIG. 5), thereby to drop relay 62, hence the following vehicle 'and61 as-es mally closed '42 (33-34), R14 and 62 (35-34) to the positive; 61 (35-36) and 61 (34-35) will be open. If new the proper number of axles for the amount of tarepaid is registered, the tare-paid counting chain would be returned to its zero position by actuation of relay 43 and the go tr-afiic light would be returned to stop by opening of 62 (12-13). On passage rof the first vehicle over the treadle 132 in the highway, relay '54 will be energized which closes normally open 54 (33-34) (FIG. 3) and normally open 54 (11-12) (FIG. '4). Closing 54 (33-34) provides :a closed'path through 61) (35-3 5), 61 (3-4-35), 54 (33-34), 43 (22-21), 41 (22-23) and 52 (13-14) to relay 42, thereby energizing the same. Energization of relay 42 opens 42 (13-14) but closes 42 (15-14) ahead of it so that relay 42 is held up through (11-12) long enough to open normally closed '43 (11-12),

thereby to drop relay 6'1 and hence open 611 (35-36) If there has been a second fare-paid, when relay 43 drops, relay 41 will be re-ener-gized through 613(35-36) and61 (34-35), 43 (31-32), 42 (31-32) and 41 (13-14). The passing of the first axle of the second car will, as previously explained, energize relay 42 and drop '41 while its second axle energizes relay 43 and drops 42. The second energization of relay 43 will again actuate 43 (11-12) to: drop relays 611-61) and 61,

count.

Sometimes an insuliicient amount of toll is paid or a vehicle tries to sneak through Without paying at all.

If an improper toll was paid or none at all, relays 611-61) and 61 will, of course, be unenergized. Hence when relay 54 is energized bypassing of the vehicle over the treadle contacts 54 (35-36) will be closed and current will then pass through as (rs-1a and er (23-24)."

Relay 51, when energized, closes contact 51 (22-23) so to energize violation relay 56. Energiza-tion of violaalarm circuit (FIG. and scavenger control. Thus closing of 56 (31-32) establishes a circuit through normally closed 65 (12-11) to relay 64-. Energizing relay 64 closes 64 (12-13) so as to energize relay 65, whereupon 65 (12-11) is opened. Relay 64 remains energized through 64 (12-13). The second closing of 56 (31-32) permits current to pass through the now closed 65 (12-13) to relay 66 to energize the same. Energization of relay 66 closes 66 (12-13)so as to energize relay 67 (FIG. 3), which closes 67 (23-22) (FIG. 4), supplying current to the solenoid which allows the scavenger door of the coin machine to open. Relay 66 drops when 56 (31-32) opens and this in turn opens when relay S6 is dropped. Relays 64 and 65 are dropped when relay 61 is energized so as to move 61 (22-21) to an open position. The scavenger door is normally held closed by the solenoid so that in the event of failure of the electric power or jamming of the coin machine, the scavenger door will stand open and allow all deposits made thereafter to pass through into the vault.

The reason for permitting the scavenger door to open only after the second consecutive violation signal is that a single violation is quite likely to be the result of no fare having been paid or an insufficient fare. It is not desirable, if such is the case, to open the scavenger door because the good coins would be discharged into the vault with the bad coins and trash. When the violation occurs the second time however it is a pretty good indication that the difliculty is in the registering apparatus itself by reason of the presence of bent coins, slugs and the like, and hence it is desirable to open the scavenger door and dump these into the vault.

The energization of relay 52 provides a convenient means for operating a signal bell to indicate that a fare of the proper amount has been paid. To this end (FIG. 6), 52 (34-33), 52 (12-11), 52 (25-24), 52 (27-26) and '52 (29-28) are closed by relay 52 to supply current through suit-able fare-paid leads with which they are associated to sound the hell or other audible signal.

Relay 52 also closes 52 (38-37), each time it is energized, so as to operate a counting mechanism for counting the total number of fares paid. At the same time 52 (36-35) is closed to energize a counter which records the number of vehicles and transactions which take place and to transmit this number to an administration building.

The energization of relay 56 provides convenient means for operating alarm signals. To this end '56 (22-21) and 56 (24-23) are closed by relay 56 to supply current through suitable alarm leads within which they are located to an alarm bell.

Energization of relays 2, 7 and 8 provides convenient means for recording the number of coins of a given denomination deposited. To this end relay 2 closes 2 (22- 21) (FIG. 6) to count five cent pieces or 2 (34-33) (FIG. 5) to count ten cent pieces, relay 7 to close 7 (3 -1- 33) (FIG. 6) to count twenty-five cent pieces, 7 (32-31) to count twenty-five cents in cash, relay 8 to close 8 (22- 21) and count fifty cent pieces and relay 8 (24-23) to count fifty cents in small change.

Ener-gization of relays 11, 12, 13, 14,15,16, 17, is, 19,

26, 21, 22 and 23 provides means for indicating on the sign 126 what fare has been paid by the driver of the vehicle. 24), 13 (25-24), up to and including 23 (25-24).

Energizatio-n of relay 54 (FIG. 4) closes 5'4 (14-13) and 54 (32-31) so that every axle that passes is counted. 6% (11-12) and 61 (31-32) are closed when relays 60-60 and 61 are not engaged and that condition exists when no fare has been paid. Accordingly, each time the relay 54 is closed, a violation axle will be counted. The contacts 66 (11-12) and 61 (31-32) will beheld open by payment of the fare and hence will not count axles properly passing over the treadle and operating relay 54. A counter may be connected to the treadle relay 54, so as to count every other depression and hence to count the number of To this end these relays close 11 (25-24), '12 (25- W vehicles. By comparing the number of vehicles counted on this counter with the number of transactions it is possible to check two against each other.

The several wiring diagrams shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 inclusive, are connected at the places which have corresponding reference characters.

It should be understood that the present disclosure is for the purpose of illustration only and that this invention includes all modifications and equivalents which fall within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. At a toll collecting station, means responsive to a deposit of coins equalling or exceeding the prescribed toll to give a fare-paid signal, a stop and go indicator normally exhibiting a stop signal, means responsive to the fare-paid signal, signifying that a vehicle, whose fare has been paid, may proceed, signal reversing means normally operable by said vehicle as it leaves the station, to cause the signal to return to stop, and means operative, in the event that the deposit of the prescribed fare by a second vehicle is made prior to the actuation of the signal reversing means by the first-named vehicle, to maintain the indicator at the go position until said second fare-paying vehicle leaves the station.

2. At a toll collecting station, means responsive to a deposit of coins equalling or exceeding the prescribed toll to give a fare-paid signal, and a memory device capable of accumulating successive fare-paid signals, :a stop and go indicator normall exhibiting a stop signal, means normally operable, in response to storage of a single farepaid signal by the memory device, to change the indicator signal from stop to go, signal reversing means, normally responsive to the departure of a Vehicle from the sta tion to change the indicator signal from go to stop, and means operable, by the response of said memory de vice to the reception of a second fare-paid signal before the signal reversing means is operated by a departing Vehicle, to render the signal reversing means temporarily ineffective.

3. At a toll collecting station, means responsive to a deposit of coins equalling or exceeding the prescribed toll, to give a fare-paid signal, a memory device capable of accumulating two successive fare-paid signals, a stop and go indicator normally exhibiting a stop signal, means operable in response to the storage of a single farepaid signal by the memory device to change the indicator signal from stop to go, signal reversing means normally responsive to the departure of a vehicle from the station to change the indicator signal from go to stop, means conditionable by said memory device, in the event of the occurrence of a second fare-paid signal before the signal reversing means is operated by said departing vehicle, to render the signal reversing means temporarily ineffective, and means automatically operable, at the end of a predetermined period of time, after the memory device has received the second fare-paid signal, to cancel the latter signal from the memory device.

4. At a toll collecting station, means responsive to a deposit of coins equalling or exceeding the prescribed toll to give a fare-paid signal, memory means operative to accumulate two successive fare-paid signals, an indicator normally exhibiting a stop signal, said indicator signal being normally changed from stop to go upon the reception, by the memory means, of a first fare-paid signal, a treadle normally operable, by the departure from the station of a toll-paying vehicle, to change the indicator signal from go to stop, and means operable by said memory means, in response to the reception thereby of a second fare-paid signal before the first fare-paid signal is cancelled from the memory device by said first vehicle in passing over the treadle, to condition the treadleoperated means, so that it will change the indicator signal from go to stop only in response to the passage of two toll-paying vehicles over the treadle in succession.

moses? ll 5. In atoll collecting system, means responsive to a deposit of coins equalling or exceeding the prescribed toll to give a fare-paid signal, memory means capable of accumulating successive fare-paid signals, an indicator normally exhibiting a stop signal, signal reversing means operable, in response to the storage of a first farepaid signal by the memory device to change the signal from stop to go, an axle counter normally operable to cancel said fare-paid signal frorn'the memory means thereby to cause the indicator to change from go to stop when a vehicle leaves the station, and means operable by said memory means, upon reception of a second fare-paid signal before the first fare-paid signal has been cancelled from the memory means and before the indicator signal has been changed from go to stop, to render the signal reversing means ineffective until the axle counter means has been operated by two vehicles in succession.

6. At a toll collecting station, means responsive to a deposit of coins equalling or exceeding the prescribed toll to give a fare-paid signal, memory means operable to store up a plurality of successive tare-paid signals, an

indicator which normally exhibits a stop signal, means whereby saidindicator norrnally changes from step to go in response to the storage of a single fare-paid sig nal by the memory means, axle counter means normally operable by the passage of the vehicle in leaving the station to cancel the first stored fare-paid signal from the memory device and thereby cause the indicator to return to stop, and means operative by-the axle counter means, if a second fare-paid signal is stored before cancellation of the first fare-paid signal is effected, to cancel the sec loud fare-paid signal but only in response to the operation of the axle counter means by two vehicles in suxzession.

normally changesfrom stop to go" in response to the storage of a single fare-paid signal by the memory means,

operable to change the signal from go to stop, and means operable, by the storage of a second fare deposited without the vehicle-actuatable means having been actuated between successive signals, to render the vehicleactuatable means ineffective until it is actuated by two vehicles in succession.

10. A toll collecting system according to claim 9, wherein there are other means operable, at a predetermined time following the rendering of the vehicle-actuatable means ineffective to change the signal from go to 11. At an automatic toll collecting station, means operative, if the value of the coins deposited equals or exceeds the prescribed toll, to give a fare-paid signal,

ceed, vehicle-actuatable means operable, by said vehicle,

axle counter meansnorm-ally operative by the passage deposit of coins equal-ling or exceeding the prescribed toll to give afare-paid signal, a stop and go indicator normally exhibiting a stop signal, means normally re-.

sponsive to the fare-paid signal to cause the indicator to change from stop .to go, signifying that a vehicle,

whose fare has been paid, may proceed, vehicle-sensing means normally operable, by said vehicle as it leaves the station, to change the indicator from go tostop, and means operative, by a deposit equalling or exceeding the prescribedwamount by a following vehicle before said vehicle effects the operation of said vehicle-sensing means, to render operation oi said vehicle-sensing means ineffective until actuated {by two vehicles in succession, 9. "At a toll collecting station, means for storing up two fares insu-ccession, said means being responsive to the deposit of each fare to give afare-paid signal, a stop and go indicatornormally exhibiting-a stop signal, means normally responsive to a fare-paid signal to cause the indicator to change to go, vehicle-actuatable means to change the indicator back .to stop as the vehicle leaves the station, meansror delaying the change from go to stop, in the event that the vehicle-actuatable means fails to be actuated between deposits, until the vehicle-actuatable means hasbeen actuated by two vevehicle, to change the indicator from go back to stop as it leaves the station is a treadle situated beyond the station in the direction of movement of the vehicle.

13. A toll collecting system according to clainrii, having coin-receiving means, scavenging means operable to clear said coin-receiving means of spurious matter, and means responsive to each failure of the first means to respond to a deposit equalling or exceeding the prescribed toll to eifect the change from stop to go, to effect operation of the scavenging means.

14. A toll collecting system according to claim 8, having an alarmandmeans, responsive to each failure of the rst means to respond to a deposit equalling or exceeding the prescribed toll to effect the change from stop to go, to effect operation of the alarm. I

[15. in a toll collecting system wherein there is means responsive to a deposit of coins equalling or exceeding the prescribed toll to give a farepaid signal, a stop anc go indicator normally exhibiting a stop signal, means normally responsive to the fare-paid signal to cause the indicator to change from stop to go, signifying that a vehicle, whose fare has been paid, may proceed,

means normally operative, by said vehicle as it leaves the station, to change the indicator from go to stop, coin-receiving means, and a power supply for shooting its operation, a scavenger door in the coin-receiving means through which coins and/ or spurious material may be discharged, and means operative, so long as power is supin there is a counter responsive to every other operation of the first means to add a single count to its total thereby tocount the number of vehicles. I

18. A toll collecting system according to claim 8, comprising means operative tocountand record the number ,of coins of any given'denomination deposited.

19. A to ll collecting system according to claim 8, comprising means operablawhen a vehicle passes said vehide-sensing means in the absence of a fare-paid signal,

14 Grant July 9, 1957 Cunningham Sept. 2 1957 Terrill Apr. 1,1958 Miller Aug. 19, 1958 Clark Aug. 26, 1958 Bower Apr. 14, 1959 Cooper Oct. 13, 1959 Durant Jan. 26, 1960 FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain Jan. 28, 1924 

7. IN A TOLL COLLECTING SYSTEM, MEANS RESPONSIVE TO A DEPOSIT OF COINS EQUALLING OR EXCEEDING THE PRESCRIBED TOLL TO GIVE A FARE-PAID SIGNAL, A "STOP" AND "GO" INDICATOR NORMALLY EXHIBITING A "STOP" SIGNAL, SIGNAL REVERSING MEANS NORMALLY RESPONSIVE TO THE FARE-PAID SIGNAL TO CAUSE THE INDICATOR TO EXHIBIT THE "GO" SIGNAL, SIGNIFYING THAT THE VEHICLE, WHOSE FARE HAS BEEN PAID, MAY PROCEED, MEMORY MEANS OPERATIVE TO STORE UP A PLURALITY OF SUCCESSIVE FARE-PAID SIGNALS, AN INDICATOR WHICH NORMALLY EXHIBITS A "STOP" SIGNAL, MEANS WHEREBY SAID INDICATOR NORMALLY CHANGES FROM "STOP" TO "GO" IN RESPONSE TO THE STORAGE OF A SINGLE FARE-PAID SIGNAL BY THE MEMORY MEANS, AXLE COUNTER MEANS NORMALLY OPERATIVE BY THE PASSAGE OF A VEHICLE TO CANCEL SAID FIRST STORED FARE-PAID SIGNAL FROM THE MEMORY MEANS, AND THEREBY CAUSE THE INDICATOR TO RETURN TO "STOP," AND MEANS OPERATIVE BY THE AXLE COUNTER IF A SECOND FARE-PAID SIGNAL IS STORED BY THE MEMORY DEVICE BEFORE CANCELLATION OF THE FIRST FARE-PAID SIGNAL IS EFFECTED, TO CANCEL THE SECOND STORED FARE-PAID SIGNAL FROM THE MEMORY DEVICE BUT ONLY IN RESPONSE TO THE PASSAGE OF TWO VEHICLES IN SUCCESSION. 